Which concept occurs when readers use knowledge of graphemes to predict and confirm text, where graphemes may be words, syllables, or letters?

• A. Visual cues
• B. Semantic web
• C. Standard score
• D. Recode

Answer: (A)

Using visual cues means reading is guided by what you see in the print—the letters, syllable chunks, and word shapes. When readers know how graphemes tend to appear together, they can predict what comes next and then confirm it by recognizing the word or pattern on the page. This happens whether the unit is a whole word, a syllable, or a single letter, because all of these provide orthographic information that helps anticipate and verify the text as you read. The other options describe different ideas—recode is about turning graphemes into sounds, semantic web is about meaning networks, and a standard score is a test statistic—not the process of using visible letter patterns to predict and confirm text.